Jeremiah's Html Code Cheat Sheet

Elements and Structure

Element and Structure Tags

Tag Name Description
<!DOCTYPE html> Document Type Declaration The document type declaration is required as the first line of an HTML document. The doctype declaration is an instruction to the browser about what type of document to expect and which version of HTML is being used, in this case it's HTML5.
<html> Html Element The html element, the root of an HTML document, should be added after the !DOCTYPE declaration. All content/structure for an HTML document should be contained between the opening and closing html tags.
<body> Body Element The body element represents the content of an HTML document. Content inside body tags are rendered on the web browsers. Note: There can be only one body element in a document.
<head> Head Element The head element contains general information about an HTML page that isn't displayed on the page itself. This information is called metadata and includes things like the title of the HTML document and links to stylesheets.
<title> Title Element The title element contains a text that defines the title of an HTML document. The title is displayed in the browser's title bar or tab in which the HTML page is displayed. The title element can only be contained inside a document's head element.
<img> Image Element HTML image elements embed images in documents. The src attribute contains the image URL and is mandatory. Img is an empty element meaning it should not have a closing tag.
<video> Video Element The video element embeds a media player for video playback. The src attribute will contain the URL to the video. Adding the controls attribute will display video controls in the media player. Note: The content inside the opening and closing tag is shown as a fallback in browsers that don't support the element.
<div> Div Element The Div element is used as a container that divides an HTML document into sections and is short for “division”. Div elements can contain flow content such as headings, paragraphs, links, images, etc.
<br> Line Break Element The line break element will create a line break in text and is especially useful where a division of text is required, like in a postal address. The line break element requires only an opening tag and must not have a closing tag.
<h1>-<h6> Heading Elements HTML can use six different levels of heading elements. The heading elements are ordered from the highest level h1 to the lowest level h6.
<p> Paragraph Element The paragraph element contains and displays a block of text.
<span> Spam Element The span element is an inline container for text and can be used to group text for styling purposes. However, as span is a generic container to separate pieces of text from a larger body of text, its use should be avoided if a more semantic element is available.
<em> Emphasis Element The emphasis element emphasizes text and browsers will usually italicize the emphasized text by default.
<strong> Strong Element The strong element highlights important, serious, or urgent text and browsers will normally render this highlighted text in bold by default.
<a> Anchor Element The anchor element is used to create hyperlinks in an HTML document. The hyperlinks can point to other webpages, files on the same server, a location on the same page, or any other URL via the hyperlink reference attribute, href. The href determines the location the anchor element points to. The anchor element can create hyperlinks to different parts of the same HTML document using the href attribute to point to the desired location with # followed by the id of the element to link to.
<ol> Ordered List Element The ordered list element creates a list of items in sequential order. Each list item appears numbered by default.
<ul> Unordered List Element The unordered list element is used to create a list of items in no particular order. Each individual list item will have a bullet point by default.
<li> List Item Element The list item element create list items inside: Ordered lists and Unordered lists
<!--comment--> Comments In HTML, comments can be added between an opening <!-- and closing -->. Content inside of comments will not be rendered by browsers, and are usually used to describe a part of code or provide other details. Comments can span single or multiple lines.

Attributes For Elements and Structures

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Tag Name Description
controls Controls Attribute Adding the controls attribute will display video controls in the media player. Works with video or audio.
src Source attribute The value for the source attribute will be the url where the file that it refers to is located either locally or through a web page.
target Target Attribute The target attribute on an anchor element specifies where a hyperlink should be opened. A target value of "_blank" will tell the browser to open the hyperlink in a new tab in modern browsers, or in a new window in older browsers or if the browser has had settings changed to open hyperlinks in a new window.
href Hypertext Reference All functional a elements must contain the href (hypertext reference) attribute inside the opening a tag. The href attribute indicates the destination of the hyperlink. Without the href attribute, the a element won't work. The anchor element can create hyperlinks to different parts of the same HTML document using the href attribute to point to the desired location with # followed by the id of the element to link to.
id Unique ID Attribute In HTML, specific and unique id attributes can be assigned to different elements in order to differentiate between them. When needed, the id value can be called upon by CSS and JavaScript to manipulate, format, and perform specific instructions on that element and that element only. Valid id attributes should begin with a letter and should only contain letters (a-Z), digits (0-9), hyphens (-), underscores (_), and periods (.).
style Style Attribute The style attribute specifies an inline style for an element. The style attribute will override any style set globally, e.g. styles specified in the style tag or in an external style sheet.
alt Alt Attribute An img element can have alternative text via the alt attribute. The alternative text will be displayed if an image fails to render due to an incorrect URL, if the image format is not supported by the browser, if the image is blocked from being displayed, or if the image has not been received from the URL. The text will be read aloud if screen reading software is used and helps support visually impaired users by providing a text descriptor for the image content on a webpage.

Tables

Table Elements

Tag Name Description
<table> Table Element In HTML, the table element has content that is used to represent a two-dimensional table made of rows and columns.
<thead> Table Head Element The table head element defines the headings of table columns encapsulated in table rows.
<tbody> Table Body Element The table body element is a semantic element that will contain all table data other than table heading and table footer content. If used it will contain all table row elements, and indicates that table row elements make up the body of the table. Table Elements cannot have both table body elements and table row elements as direct children.
<tfoot> Table Footer Element The table footer element uses table rows to give footer content or to summarize content at the end of a table.
<th> Table Heading Element The table heading element is used to add titles to rows and columns of a table and must be enclosed in a table row element.
<tr> Table Row Element The table row element is used to add rows to a table before adding table data and table headings.
<td> Table Data Element The table data element can be nested inside a table row element to add a cell of data to a table.

Attributes for Table Elements

Tag Name Description
rowspan rowspan Attribute Similar to colspan, the rowspan attribute on a table header or table data element indicates how many rows that particular cell should span within the table. The rowspan value is set to 1 by default and will take any positive integer up to 65534.
colspan colspan Attribute The colspan attribute on a table header or table data element indicates how many columns that particular cell should span within the table. The colspan value is set to 1 by default and will take any positive integer between 1 and 1000.